Fluorescence spectrophotometers, also known as fluorometers or fluorescence readers, are highly sensitive analytical instruments that measure the intensity of fluorescent light emitted by samples after excitation. These tools are essential for detecting and quantifying fluorophore-labeled biomolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, peptides, and small molecules, even at nanomolar or picomolar concentrations. They are widely used in drug discovery, life sciences research, diagnostics, biomarker validation, and environmental monitoring.
Fluorescence spectrophotometry works by exciting a sample with a specific wavelength of light and detecting the emitted fluorescence at a longer wavelength. The amount of emitted light correlates directly with the concentration of the fluorescent compound, allowing for high-throughput and quantitative analysis. These instruments support both end-point and kinetic measurements and are ideal for assays requiring extreme sensitivity and low background interference.
Common applications include gene expression studies (e.g., GFP tagging), protein–protein interaction analysis, cell viability assays, enzyme kinetics, ELISA, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Fluorescence readers are also frequently used in high-throughput screening and automated microplate assays in pharmaceutical and biotech labs.
Advanced fluorescence spectrophotometers often feature monochromators for flexible wavelength selection, multi-mode plate compatibility, temperature control, and software for spectral analysis and assay management. Some instruments are optimized for microvolume or cuvette-based measurements, while others are integrated into automated platforms for large-scale screening.
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Fluorescence spectrophotometers, also known as fluorometers or fluorescence readers, are highly sensitive analytical instruments that measure the intensity of fluorescent light emitted by samples after excitation.
